Mutha kudabwa kuti makina a laser a erbium yag ndi momwe amathandizira pakusamalira khungu. Chipangizo chotsogolachi chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yowunikira kuti ichotse pang'onopang'ono zigawo zopyapyala za khungu. Mumalandira chithandizo cholondola ndi kuwonongeka kochepa kwa kutentha. Akatswiri ambiri amasankha ukadaulo uwu chifukwa umapereka zotsatira zosalala komanso kuchiritsa mwachangu poyerekeza ndi ma laser akale.
Momwe Erbium YAG Laser Machine Amagwirira Ntchito
Sayansi Kumbuyo kwa Erbium YAG Laser
Mumalumikizana ndiukadaulo wapamwamba mukasankha makina a laser a erbium yag ochizira khungu. Chipangizochi chimadalira mfundo zingapo zomwe zimalola kuti chizigwira ntchito bwino komanso moyenera:
● Kulumikizana kwa minofu ya laser kumachitika kudzera mu kupatsirana, kunyengerera, kumwazikana, ndi kuyamwa.
● Makina a laser a erbium yag amatulutsa kuwala kotalika kwa 2940 nm, komwe kumayang'ana kwambiri mamolekyu amadzi pakhungu lanu.
● Laser imagwiritsa ntchito photothermolysis yosankha, kutanthauza kuti imatenthetsa ndi kuwononga zida zomwe zakonzedwa. Kutalika kwa pulse kumakhala kochepa kuposa nthawi yopumula, kotero mphamvu sizimafalikira ku minofu yozungulira.
● Ngakhale kutentha pang'ono, pakati pa 5 ° C ndi 10 ° C, kungayambitse kusintha kwa ma cell ndi kutupa. Makina a laser a erbium yag amawongolera izi kuti achepetse kuwonongeka kosafunikira.
Kutalika kwa makina a erbium yag laser kumabweretsa kuyamwa kwakukulu m'madzi ndi kuya kozama kolowera. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala koyenera kukonzanso khungu, komwe mukufuna kuchotseratu zigawo zoonda popanda kukhudza zozama zakuya. Ma lasers ena, monga CO2 kapena Alexandrite, amalowa mozama kapena amayang'ana zigawo zosiyanasiyana za khungu. Makina a laser a erbium yag amawonekera chifukwa amachepetsa kutaya kutentha komanso amachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta za mtundu wa pigmentation, kulola kuchira msanga.
Momwe Laser Imatsata Zigawo Za Khungu
Mumapindula ndi luso la makina a erbium yag laser lolunjika pakhungu lapadera ndi kulondola kodabwitsa. Mafunde a laser amafanana ndi nsonga yamayamwidwe amadzi pakhungu lanu, motero amachotsa epidermis ndikusunga minofu yozungulira. Kutulutsa kolamuliridwaku kumatanthauza kuti mumavulala pang'ono komanso mumachira mwachangu.
Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti erbium YAG laser resurfacing imawonjezera kupenya kwa khungu, komwe kumapangitsa kuyamwa kwa mankhwala apakhungu monga maantibayotiki ndi zoteteza dzuwa. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa zikuwonetsa mphamvu ya laser yosintha zigawo za khungu, makamaka stratum corneum ndi epidermis, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuyamwa mankhwala.
Kafukufuku wina adapeza kuti erbium YAG fractional laser ablation imathandizira kwambiri kuperekedwa kwa pentoxifylline kuchokera kumitundu yosiyanasiyana yapamutu, ndikuchita bwino pakubereka mpaka 67%. Izi zikuwonetsa mphamvu ya laser polunjika pakhungu lapadera kuti apititse patsogolo kutumiza mankhwala.
Makina a laser a erbium yag amakulolani kuwongolera kuya kwa kutulutsa. Mutha kuthana ndi zovuta zapakhungu popanda kuwononga minofu yakuya. Mbali imeneyi imatsogolera kukonzanso epithelialization mwachangu ndikuchepetsa zovuta. Mukuwona kusintha kwa khungu komanso kuyamwa bwino kwa mankhwala apakhungu pambuyo pa njirayi.
| Mtundu wa Laser | Wavelength (nm) | Kuzama Kolowera | Cholinga Chachikulu | Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mwachizolowezi |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Erbium: YAG | 2940 | Zozama | Madzi | Kukonzanso khungu |
| CO2 | 10600 | Zamitsani | Madzi | Opaleshoni, yakuya resurfacing |
| Alexandrite | 755 | Wapakati | Melanin | Kuchotsa tsitsi/tattoo |
Mumapeza chidaliro podziwa kuti makina a laser a erbium yag amapereka chitetezo chokwanira komanso chogwira ntchito. Ukadaulo umakupatsirani zotsatira zosalala komanso chiwopsezo chochepa cha zovuta poyerekeza ndi makina akale a laser.
Ubwino ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Makina a Laser Erbium YAG
Kubwezeretsanso Khungu ndi Kutsitsimutsa
Mutha kupeza khungu losalala, lowoneka laling'ono ndi makina a laser a erbium yag. Ukadaulo umenewu umachotsa zigawo zakunja zoonongeka ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa maselo atsopano. Mumaona kusintha kwa maonekedwe, kamvekedwe, ndi maonekedwe onse pambuyo pa chithandizo. Kafukufuku wachipatala amasonyeza kuti lasers ablative and non-ablative fractional erbium lasers amagwira ntchito bwino pakutsitsimutsa nkhope ndi madontho a khungu. Odwala ambiri amafotokoza zotsatira zazikulu zazifupi zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa.
Mutha kukhala ndi redness pang'ono kapena kutupa mukatha gawo lanu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha pakatha sabata, kukulolani kuti mubwerere ku zomwe mumachita mwachangu.
Gome lotsatirali likuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa kusintha m'malo osiyanasiyana omwe amathandizidwa ndi makina a laser a erbium yag:
| Malo Othandizidwa | Kupititsa patsogolo (%) |
|---|---|
| Mapazi a Khwangwala | 58% |
| Milomo Yapamwamba | 43% |
| Doko Lamanja | 48% |
| Khosi | 44% |
| Kuwongolera Kwapang'onopang'ono | 52% |

Mumapindula ndi mitengo yokhutiritsa kwambiri. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti 93% ya odwala amawona kusintha kowoneka bwino, ndipo 83% akuwonetsa kukhutira ndi zotsatira zawo. Anthu ambiri sanena zowawa panthawi ya ndondomekoyi, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zochepa.
| Zotsatira | Zotsatira |
|---|---|
| Chiwerengero cha odwala omwe akuwonetsa kusintha | 93% |
| Kukhutitsidwa index | 83% |
| Ululu pa mankhwala | Osati vuto |
| Zotsatira zake | Zochepa (1 vuto la hyperpigmentation) |
Kuchiza Zipsera, Makwinya, ndi Pigmentation
Mutha kutsata zipsera zamakani, makwinya, ndi zovuta zamtundu wamtundu ndi makina a laser a erbium yag. Kulondola kwa laser kumakuthandizani kuti muzitha kuchiza madera okhudzidwa okha, ndikusunga minofu yathanzi. Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa amatsimikizira kuti ukadaulo uwu umawongolera zipsera, makwinya, ndi ma pigmentation.
| Mtundu wa Chithandizo | Kupititsa patsogolo mu Scars | Kusintha kwa Makwinya | Kusintha kwa Pigmentation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Er: YAG Laser | Inde | Inde | Inde |
Mutha kuwona kusintha kwakukulu pakukula kwa ziphuphu zakumaso. The fractional erbium-YAG laser imapanga kuyankha kwa 27% ndi 70% kuyankha kwapakatikati mu zipsera za acne. Kuwunika kwazithunzi kukuwonetsa kusiyana kwakukulu pakukomera laser ya erbium-YAG. Mumapezanso kukhutitsidwa kwakukulu komanso zopweteka zochepa poyerekeza ndi mankhwala ena monga PRP.
● Ma laser ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono amapereka ubwino wofanana ndi ma laser ablative koma zotsatira zake zimakhala zochepa.
● Magetsi ang'onoang'ono a CO2 angapereke zotsatira zozama za zipsera zazikulu, koma makina a laser a erbium yag amakupatsani chithandizo chochepetsera komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha hyperpigmentation.
● Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofiira pang'ono komanso kutupa, komwe kumatha pakangopita masiku.
Mutha kuyembekezera kusintha kowoneka bwino kwa zipsera ndi makwinya pomwe mukuchira bwino.
Ubwino Pamankhwala Ena a Laser
Mumapeza zabwino zingapo mukasankha makina a erbium yag laser kuposa njira zina za laser. Chipangizochi chimapereka kuwonongeka kochepa kwa kutentha, kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta monga mabala ndi hyperpigmentation. Mumachira msanga, ndi kutupa pang'ono komanso kusapeza bwino, kotero mumabwerera ku zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku mwamsanga kusiyana ndi ma laser a CO2.
Makina a laser a erbium yag amapereka mbiri yabwino komanso nthawi yocheperako, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwa iwo omwe akufuna zotsatira zabwino popanda kusokoneza pang'ono.
Mumapindula ndi:
● Kulondolera mwatsatanetsatane minofu yamadzi ochuluka kuti iwonongeke.
● Kuchepetsa chiopsezo chosintha mtundu, makamaka kwa anthu akuda.
● Kuchira msanga komanso kusapeza bwino poyerekeza ndi matekinoloje akale.
Ngakhale ma lasers a CO2 amalowa mozama ndipo angagwirizane ndi milandu yoopsa, nthawi zambiri mumakonda makina a laser a erbium yag chifukwa cha njira yake yabwino komanso zotsatira zodalirika.
Ndani Ayenera Kuganizira Erbium YAG Laser Machine Treatment
Oyenera Chithandizo
Mutha kudabwa ngati ndinu woyenera pa makina a laser a erbium yag. Akuluakulu azaka za m'ma 40 ndi 50 nthawi zambiri amafunafuna chithandizochi, koma zakazo zimayambira zaka 19 mpaka 88. Odwala ambiri amakhala pakati pa zaka 32 ndi 62, ndipo pafupifupi zaka pafupifupi 47.5. Mutha kupindula ndi njirayi ngati mukufuna kuthana ndi zovuta zapakhungu.
● Muli ndi njerewere, mawanga a msinkhu, kapena zizindikiro zobadwa nazo.
● Mumaona zipsera za ziphuphu zakumaso kapena kuvulala.
● Mumaona khungu lowonongeka ndi dzuwa kapena mafuta okulitsa.
● Mumakhalabe ndi thanzi labwino.
● Mumatsatira malangizo a chisamaliro pambuyo pa chithandizo.
Khungu lamtundu limathandizira kuti muyenerere. Gome lotsatirali likuwonetsa mitundu yakhungu yomwe imayankha bwino pamakina a erbium yag laser:
| Mtundu wa Khungu la Fitzpatrick | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| I | Zabwino kwambiri, zimayaka nthawi zonse, sizimawotcha |
| II | Khungu labwino, limapsa mosavuta, limatentha pang'ono |
| III | Khungu loyera, limayaka pang'ono, matani mpaka bulauni |
| IV | Matani a bulauni mosavuta kufika pakatikati, amayaka pang'ono |
| V | Khungu lakuda, limafuna kupangidwanso kwa nthiti |
| VI | Khungu lakuda kwambiri, limafunikira kuyambiranso kwamtengo |
Mutha kupeza zotsatira zabwino ngati khungu lanu ligwera m'mitundu I mpaka IV. Mitundu V ndi VI imafuna chisamaliro chowonjezereka ndi njira zapadera.
Langizo: Muyenera kukambirana za mtundu wa khungu lanu ndi mbiri yachipatala ndi wothandizira wanu musanakonzekere chithandizo.
Ndani Ayenera Kupewa Njirayi
Muyenera kupewa makina a laser a erbium yag ngati muli ndi matenda enaake kapena zoopsa. Gome ili ndi mndandanda wa contraindications wamba:
| Contraindication | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Matenda opatsirana | Matenda a bakiteriya kapena mavairasi m'dera lachipatala |
| Matenda otupa | Kutupa kulikonse m'dera lomwe mukufuna |
| Keloids kapena zipsera za hypertrophic | Mbiri ya mapangidwe achilendo zipsera |
| Ectropion | Chikope cham'munsi chimatembenukira kunja |
| Khungu depigmentation chiopsezo | Chiwopsezo chachikulu pakhungu lakuda (IV mpaka VI) |
| Thandizo laposachedwa la Isotretinoin | Kugwiritsa ntchito kwaposachedwa kwa Isotretinoin |
| Pakhungu | Morphea, scleroderma, vitiligo, lichen planus, psoriasis |
| Kuwonekera kwa UV radiation | Kukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi cheza cha ultraviolet |
| Yogwira nsungu zotupa | Kukhalapo kwa herpes yogwira ntchito kapena matenda ena |
| Posachedwapa mankhwala peel | Posachedwapa mankhwala peel peel |
| Chithandizo cha radiation chisanachitike | M'mbuyomu ionizing poizoniyu pakhungu |
| Zoyembekeza zosayembekezereka | Zoyembekeza zomwe sizingatheke |
| Collagen vascular matenda | Collagen vascular matenda kapena matenda chitetezo chokwanira |
Muyeneranso kupewa chithandizo ngati muli ndi chizolowezi chopanga zipsera za keloid kapena hypertrophic, kapena ngati mwachepetsa zipsera zapakhungu chifukwa cha scleroderma kapena zipsera zowotcha.
Zindikirani: Muyenera kugawana mbiri yanu yonse yachipatala ndi mankhwala omwe alipo ndi wothandizira wanu kuti muwonetsetse chitetezo.
Zomwe Muyenera Kuyembekezera ndi Erbium YAG Laser Machine
Kukonzekera Kusankhidwa Kwanu
Mumadzikonzekeretsa kuti mupambane potsatira malangizo opangira chithandizo. Dermatologists amalimbikitsa njira zingapo zokuthandizani kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino ndikuchepetsa zoopsa:
● Imwani madzi osachepera magalasi 8 tsiku lililonse kwa masiku awiri musanayambe phunziro lanu.
● Peŵani zakudya zamchere ndi mowa kuti mupewe kutaya madzi m'thupi.
● Khalani padzuwa kwa milungu iwiri musanakumane.
● Musagwiritse ntchito mafuta odzola opanda dzuwa pamalo opangira mankhwala kwa milungu iwiri.
● Dumphani jekeseni ngati Botox kapena fillers kwa masabata awiri musanalandire chithandizo.
● Pewani peels kapena microneedling kwa milungu inayi isanachitike.
● Auzeni dokotala wanu ngati munayamba mwakhalapo ndi zilonda zozizira, chifukwa mungafunike mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
● Siyani kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga retinol kapena hydroquinone kutsala masiku atatu kuti muyambe kukambirana.
● Siyani mankhwala oletsa kutupa kapena mafuta a nsomba masiku atatu m’mbuyomo, pokhapokha ngati dokotala atakuuzani.
● Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa okhala ndi SPF 30 kapena kuposerapo kwa mwezi umodzi musanalandire chithandizo.
● Uzani dokotala wanu za matenda alionse, makamaka ngati munali ndi zilonda zozizira kapena zotupa.
Langizo: Kusamalira khungu kosasintha komanso kuthirira bwino kumathandizira khungu lanu kuchira mwachangu ndikuyankha bwino pamakina a laser a erbium yag.
Njira ya Chithandizo
Mumayamba ndi kukambirana kuti mukambirane zolinga zanu ndikutsimikizira kuyenerera kwanu. Wopereka chithandizo amayeretsa malo opangira chithandizo ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kupweteka kwanuko kuti mukhale omasuka. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, mutha kulandira sedation. Gawo la laser palokha limasiyanasiyana kutalika, kutengera kukula kwa malo omwe amathandizidwa. Pambuyo pa njirayi, wopereka chithandizo amakupangirani chovala ndikukupatsani malangizo atsatanetsatane osamalira pambuyo pake.
1.Kukambirana ndi kuunika
2.Kutsuka ndi kuchita dzanzi khungu
3.Optional sedation chithandizo chakuya
4.Laser kugwiritsa ntchito kudera lomwe mukufuna
5.Kusamalira pambuyo pa chithandizo ndi malangizo
Kubwezeretsa ndi Kusamalira Pambuyo
Mumathandiza kwambiri pakuchira kwanu potsatira malangizo osamalira mukadzapita kuchipatala. Sungani khungu lanu lopaka mafuta popaka mafuta osakaniza a Alastin Recovery Balm ndi Avène Cicalfate osachepera kasanu patsiku. Pewani kusamba kapena kunyowetsa nkhope yanu kwa maola 72 oyambirira. Konzani ulendo wotsatira pambuyo pa masiku atatu kuti mukafufuze ndi kuchiritsa akatswiri. Imwani mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa, monga Acyclovir ndi Doxycycline, kuti mupewe matenda. Tetezani khungu lanu ku dzuwa kwa masabata 4 mpaka 6 pogwiritsa ntchito sunscreen ndi SPF 30 osachepera.
Chidziwitso: Kusamalira mosamala kumakuthandizani kuchira bwino komanso kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta.
Kuopsa ndi Zotsatira Zake za Erbium YAG Laser Machine
Zotsatira zoyipa za Common
Mutha kukumana ndi zovuta zoyipa komanso kwakanthawi mutatha chithandizo cha laser cha erbium YAG. Odwala ambiri amafotokoza zofiira, kutupa, ndi kusapeza bwino m'masiku angapo oyambirira. Khungu lanu likhoza kuphulika kapena kuphulika pamene likuchira. Anthu ena amaona ziphuphu zakumaso kapena kusintha kwa mtundu wa khungu, makamaka ngati ali ndi khungu lakuda.
Nazi zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimanenedwa pafupipafupi:
● Kufiira (pinki wopepuka mpaka kufiyira kowala)
● Kutupa pamene akuchira
● Kutupa kwa ziphuphu
● Kusintha khungu
Mutha kuwonanso khungu lakuthwa kapena kusenda ndipo, nthawi zina, chiopsezo chotenga matenda omwe amafunikira maantibayotiki. Tebulo ili likuwonetsa momwe zotsatira zoyipazi zimachitikira:
| Mbali Zotsatira | Peresenti |
|---|---|
| Kutalika kwa erythema | 6% |
| Hyperpigmentation yosakhalitsa | 40% |
| Palibe milandu ya hypopigmentation kapena mabala | 0% |
Odwala ambiri sakhala ndi zipsera zosatha kapena kutayika kwa khungu. Zoyipa sizikhala zachilendo, koma muyenera kudziwa kuopsa kwake:
| Zoipa | Chiwerengero cha Milandu |
|---|---|
| Kuchulukitsa kwa ziphuphu zakumaso | 13% |
| Pambuyo pa chithandizo cha pigmentation | 2% |
| Kutalika kwa kutumphuka | 3% |
Langizo: Mutha kuchepetsa zovuta zomwe mungakumane nazo potsatira mosamala malangizo a wothandizira pambuyo panu.
Kuchepetsa Zowopsa ndi Kuonetsetsa Chitetezo
Mumadziteteza posankha dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito ndikutsatira ndondomeko zotetezeka. Malangizo achitetezo a laser amafuna kuti aliyense m'chipinda chothandizira azivala zovala zodzitchinjiriza zopangidwa ndi laser yeniyeni. Wothandizira wanu ayenera kuyang'anira mwayi wolowa m'chipindacho, kugwiritsa ntchito zikwangwani zoyenera, ndikuyang'anira zida kuti apewe kukhudzidwa mwangozi.
Njira zotetezedwa zomwe zalangizidwa ndi izi:
● Sungani zipika zatsatanetsatane ndi malekodi ogwirira ntchito kuti mulembe machitidwe otetezeka.
● Gwiritsani ntchito zovala zodzitetezera kwa ogwira ntchito ndi odwala onse.
● Khazikitsani njira zowongolera monga zikwangwani ndi zoletsedwa kulowa.
Ophunzira ayenera kumaliza maphunziro apadera a laser ndi certification. Maphunziro amaphunzitsa opereka chithandizo momwe angaperekera chithandizo chamankhwala chotetezeka komanso chothandiza. Chitsimikizo chimawonjezeranso kukhulupirika mumakampani a aesthetics. Muyenera kutsimikizira zotsimikizira za wothandizira wanu musanakonze ndondomeko.
| Kufotokozera Umboni | Source Link |
|---|---|
| Ogwira ntchito amalandila malangizo achitetezo a laser ndi mfundo zowonetsetsa kuti akutsatira. | Cosmetic Laser Training Courses ndi Certification |
| Maphunziro amathandizira kudziwa chithandizo champhamvu champhamvu komanso chothandiza kwa odwala. | Cosmetic Laser Training Courses ndi Certification |
| Kugogomezera kufunikira kwa ma protocol achitetezo ndi kusamala pakuphunzitsidwa kwa laser. | Maphunziro a Laser |
| Chitsimikizo chimakulitsa kukhulupirika komanso kugulitsa pamsika wa aesthetics. | Aesthetic & Cosmetic Laser Training ndi John Hoopman |
| Madokotala onse omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ayenera kuphunzitsidwa ndi laser. | Laser Certification & Training Hands-On |
Chidziwitso: Mumawongolera chitetezo chanu ndi zotsatira zake pogwira ntchito ndi akatswiri ovomerezeka omwe amatsatira ndondomeko zokhazikitsidwa.
Mumapeza zabwino zingapo ndi makina a laser a erbium YAG. Zipangizozi zimapereka zotsatira zolondola, nthawi yochepa yochira, ndi zotsatirapo zochepa poyerekeza ndi matekinoloje akale.
| Mbali | Erbium: YAG Laser | CO2 Laser |
|---|---|---|
| Nthawi Yobwezeretsa | Wachidule | Wautali |
| Ululu Level | Zochepa | Wapamwamba |
| Chiwopsezo cha Hyperpigmentation | Zochepa | Wapamwamba |
Muyenera nthawi zonse kukaonana ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino yemwe angayang'anire khungu lanu ndikupanga dongosolo lokhazikika. Sankhani opereka omwe ali ndi zidziwitso zamphamvu komanso chidziwitso. Odwala ambiri amafotokoza kukhutira kwakukulu komanso zokumana nazo zofatsa. Mutha kukhala ndi chidaliro podziwa kuti ma lasers amakono a erbium YAG amapereka mankhwala otetezeka, ogwira mtima, komanso osasokoneza pang'ono.
Thandizo: Musalole kuti maganizo olakwika amene anthu ambiri akumane nawo akufooketseni. Mutha kukwaniritsa zotsatira zowoneka mwachilengedwe popanda kuwonongeka kosafunikira.
FAQ
Kodi chithandizo cha laser cha Erbium YAG chimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Nthawi zambiri mumakhala mphindi 30 mpaka 60 mchipinda chothandizira. Nthawi yeniyeni imadalira kukula kwa dera lomwe mukufuna kuchiza. Wothandizira wanu adzakupatsani chiyerekezo cholondola kwambiri mukakambirana.
Kodi ndondomekoyi ndi yowawa?
Mukhoza kumva kusapeza bwino panthawi ya ndondomekoyi. Othandizira ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi kuti mukhale omasuka. Odwala ambiri amafotokoza kumverera ngati ofunda prickling kumverera.
Ndidzafunika magawo angati?
Nthawi zambiri mumawona zotsatira pambuyo pa gawo limodzi. Pamakwinya akuya kapena zipsera, mungafunike chithandizo chamankhwala awiri kapena atatu. Wothandizira wanu akulangizani dongosolo lotengera zosowa za khungu lanu.
Ndiziwona liti zotsatira?
Mumayamba kuona kusintha mkati mwa sabata imodzi. Khungu lanu likupitirizabe kuyenda bwino kwa miyezi ingapo ngati collagen yatsopano imapanga. Odwala ambiri amawona zotsatira zabwino pambuyo pa miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-25-2025




